Camera.md

+# 📷 **Camera System – Line Scan Camera (TSL1401)**  
+
+![Line Scan Camera Overview](INSERT_IMAGE_HERE)  
+
+## 📌 **Overview**  
+
+The **TSL1401 Line Scan Camera** is a **128×1 photodiode array** that captures images **line-by-line** instead of full-frame. This makes it ideal for **high-speed line detection**, especially for applications such as **autonomous navigation and object tracking**. The camera **outputs an analog voltage**, which is converted into a digital signal using an **ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter)** for processing​:contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}.  
+
+### 🔹 **Key Features**  
+✔ **128-pixel linear array** with high-speed operation  
+✔ **Wide dynamic range (4000:1 or 72dB)**  
+✔ **Output voltage referenced to ground**  
+✔ **No external load resistor required**  
+✔ **Single 3V to 5V supply voltage**  
+✔ **Supports up to 8 MHz clock frequency**  
+
+📌 **Image:** _Functional block diagram of the TSL1401 sensor_  
+![Functional Block Diagram](INSERT_IMAGE_HERE)  
+
+---
+
+## 🛠 **Working Principle**  
+
+### **1️⃣ Image Capture Process**  
+1. Light hits the **128 photodiodes**, generating a **photocurrent**.  
+2. This charge is **stored** in capacitors, **proportional to light intensity**.  
+3. The charge is read **sequentially**, controlled by a **Shift Register** and **Clock Signals**.  
+4. The **Analog Output (AO)** provides a voltage **corresponding to light intensity** for each pixel.  
+5. The **ADC reads this voltage**, converting it into **digital values** for processing.  
+
+📌 **Image:** _Illustration of how pixels integrate light and transfer charge._  
+![Pixel Integration Process](INSERT_IMAGE_HERE)  
+
+---
+
+## 🔩 **Pin Configuration & Electrical Connections**  
+
+| **Pin** | **Name** | **Description** |
+|---------|---------|----------------|
+| 1 | **SI (Serial Input)** | Triggers the start of data output. |
+| 2 | **CLK (Clock Input)** | Controls pixel readout & integration reset. |
+| 3 | **AO (Analog Output)** | Outputs the voltage level for each pixel. |
+| 4 | **VDD (Power Supply)** | Provides power (3V–5V). |
+| 6,7 | **GND** | Ground reference. |
+
+📌 **Image:** _TSL1401 pin layout_  
+![Pin Layout](INSERT_IMAGE_HERE)  
+
+---
+
+## 🔧 **Operation & Timing**  
+
+The **TSL1401 sensor operates using precise timing control**. The **Clock (CLK) and Serial Input (SI) signals** synchronize pixel readout, ensuring accurate image acquisition.  
+
+### **Timing Parameters**  
+- **Clock Frequency (fclock)**: _5 to 8000 kHz_  
+- **Sensor Integration Time (tint)**: _0.03375 ms to 100 ms_  
+- **Pixel Charge Transfer Time (tqt)**: _20 μs_  
+- **Serial Input Setup Time (tsu(SI))**: _20 ns_  
+- **Analog Output Settling Time**: _120 ns_  
+
+📌 **Image:** _Timing waveform showing the synchronization process._  
+![Timing Diagram](INSERT_IMAGE_HERE)  
+
+---
+
+## 🔄 **Integration with the System**  
+
+The **Line Scan Camera** is connected to the microcontroller via:  
+- **ADC (Analog-to-Digital Conversion)** – Reads the pixel intensity values.  
+- **FTM (FlexTimer Module)** – Generates timing pulses (SI & CLK).  
+- **Interrupt Handlers (ISR)** – Processes the image data in real-time.  
+
+📌 **Image:** _System integration showing camera signals._  
+![System Integration](INSERT_IMAGE_HERE)  
+
+---
+
+## 🚀 **Key Takeaways**  
+
+✔ **High-speed, real-time line detection** using a **128-pixel linear array**.  
+✔ **ADC-based signal processing** ensures accurate intensity readings.  
+✔ **FTM-driven timing control** allows precise image acquisition.  
+✔ **Optimal for track detection** in autonomous vehicles.  
+
+📌 _For detailed implementation, check out the_ **[Pins & Peripherals](../../-/wikis/pins-peripherals)** _page._  
+
+---
+
+## 📌 **Next Steps**  
+
+🔹 **Optimize Edge Detection** – Fine-tune intensity thresholds.  
+🔹 **Enhance Noise Filtering** – Minimize interference from ambient light.  
+🔹 **Improve Real-Time Processing** – Use DMA to offload CPU workload.  
+
+---
+
+📜 _For a complete project overview, visit the_ **[Wiki Home](../../-/wikis/home)** _page._